The Healthcare Environmental Checklist Essay -- Healthcare

The assembled condition without a doubt influences the quality and care to the patients and relatives. Patients and relatives are anticipating from a social insurance association an all around manufactured condition that is appropriate and open, thinking about family, promising or valuable to prosperity, secret, chivalrous, secure and safe. The earth agenda is an appraisal instrument that will help human services authoritative fashioners and social insurance organizations aggregate data about consumer’s needs, measure fulfillment, and give office correlations with embellishment the industry’s best practices. I audited the ecological agenda in my office and talked about with my nursing director the territories that need improvement and the zones that performing great. The three most significant zones that I would deliver that necessities to recuperate are 1.Information frameworks set up, 2.Staffing prerequisites and 3.Patients release. 1. Information frameworks set up. The increasing expense of medicinal services and the absence of medical coverage inclusion for over 15% of the U.S. populace have showed up as significant political, monetary and strategy concerns. Medical clinics need to discover approaches to create viability to drive down the expense of their administrations. Clinic associations in United States are confronting weights to control costs, and to improve quality results. Data frameworks (IS) have a fundamental job in tending to these difficulties. Effective introduction of Information frameworks (IS) in the social insurance industry can make new expert models. Sensational improvement in innovation improves the accessibility of clinical information with no time thus improves understanding result and care the executives. Data advances can aid the change of associations and h... ...tcomes. Works Cited Fichman, R., Kohli, R., and Krishnan, R. (Eds.) (2010). THE ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN HEALTHCARE ORGANIZATIONS: Synergies from an interdisciplinary point of view. Recovered from http://www.informs.org/Pubs/ISR/Special-Issues/Special-Issue-on-IS-in-Healthcare Wellbeing Information Technology. (2011). Recovered from http://www.kaiseredu.org/issue-Modules/Health-Information-Technology/Background-Brief.aspx?&lang=en_us&output=json Solid Work Environments: Standards. (2011). Recovered from www.aacn.org/WD/HWE/Docs/HWEStandards.pdf Heller, B. R., Oros, M. T., and Durney-Crowley, J. (2011). The Future of Nursing Education: Ten Trends to Watch. Recovered from http://www.nln.org/nlnjournal/infotrends.htm Hughes, R. G. (2008). Understanding Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Recovered from http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/

Scene Analysis of Alfred Hitchcocks essays

Scene Analysis of Alfred Hitchcock's papers Interpreting Alfreds Masterpiece Bede Jarrett once said that the baffling is consistently alluring. Individuals will follow a cloak. In the predetermined arrangement of Alfred Hitchcocks Rear Window, story structure is vital to the film so as to build a further understanding and make a strange pressure in the psyche of the watcher. The watcher realizes which character is in charge of the account, the reason impact relationship of the story, understands the connection of the story to the plot structure. Moreover, the crowd gets a more profound comprehension of the focal characters, acknowledges the double center story, sees that there are numerous qualities that make this film a piece of the Classical Hollywood Cinema, and watches the account push ahead through express and deduced occasions. The portrayal in the given succession of Rear Window, obviously exhibits which character is in charge of the discourse. It follows the social perfect of the 1960s and commits most of the force in the circumstance to Jeff. Despite the fact that Lisa is by all accounts very prevailing in the commencement of thoughts and discussion, Jeff consistently ruins her remarks with smart comments and sexual references. This is exemplified when Lisa remarks that she wants to be imaginative, to which Jeff comments, Sweetie, you are. You have an incredible ability for making troublesome circumstances. This announcement bolsters another social perfect of the period. It disheartens Lisas shock of remaining the night by considering it a troublesome circumstance in while remaining at the home of an individual from the other gender was unsatisfactory. Following social goals was significant during the 1960s, and this was practiced by designating Jeff the predominant job in the story. Another significant component to the story is to make the film in cause-impact arrangement, as not to befuddle the crowd. A reason e... <!

How to Write a Narrative Essay

How to Write a Narrative Essay The word “essay” elicits two very different kinds of reaction from college students. Some are thrilled by the prospect of getting to create a unique piece of writing. Others become apprehensive about failing to tell an engaging story and getting their grammar wrong. Writing any form of essay requires a certain amount of skill, but it is the determination that gets you across the line. When it comes to crafting a narrative essay, students are required to be descriptive and have an open mind full of appealing ideas. As the name clearly suggests, the narrative essay is one where you have to tell a story instead of convincing the readers to agree with a point of view. Your task is to present your perspective on a personal experience and allow the readers to emotionally invest themselves in a story. Even though you are not required to create an argument, you still have to give your essay a purpose or a position. This means that the writing must have a clear thesis and a string of well organized ideas that form a meaningful narrative. Create an Outline The first step to writing a narrative essay is to build an outline that will enable you to organize your thoughts and funnel them into a concise story. You will have limited time and words in which to describe your tale, hence it is best to know in advance where you are going with your story. When outlining your essay, be sure to come up with the main idea before focusing on any of the details. Build your story around this central idea by creating paragraphs that support your thesis in different ways. The purpose of each paragraph is to lead the reader back to the main theme of your story. For example, if you are writing a narrative essay on “An Embarrassing Experience”, you should use the first paragraph to introduce the event that caused you embarrassment and then describe the various reasons why the experience was embarrassing in the paragraphs that follow. At the very end of your essay, you should write a concluding paragraph where you sum up your narrative and leave the reader with your final thoughts. It is very important for the conclusion to give the readers a sense of closure or resolution. Be Selective with Your Vocabulary To make your narrative essay stand out, you need to make your description as vivid as possible. In order to do this effectively, you must use the right words, terms and phrases. Keep the principles of organization (spatial order, chronological order and climactic order) in mind when describing individual events. The use of descriptive words and appropriate synonyms is absolutely essential to make your work attractive and impressive. Instead of giving the readers a bland and detailed account of a particular event, you should present a gripping narrative that grabs and retains the attention of the readers. Leave out details that do not add to the excitement of the story. Avoid the use of words that sound too formal or academic. Using pretentious words that confuse the readers defeats the purpose of a narrative essay. Revise and Improve Your Narrative In writing, there is always room for improvement. Do not just proofread your essay. Look for ways in which you can sharpen the details, use stronger verbs and rearrange the phrases. Furthermore, do not change your story when revising because it creates plot holes and makes your writing look choppy. Once you are done writing, read out loud to make sure that your sentence construction is smooth and fluid. You can ask a friend or a tutor to read your narrative and offer suggestions. Do not hand over the essay to your professor unless you are confident that it is your best effort.

Analysis of the Little Mermaid Essay - 1192 Words

The Little Mermaid Analysis The Little Mermaid is an example of how woman were seen in society. In the fairy tale, women are characterized by appearance rather than personality by both men and women. The little mermaid mentions â€Å"But if you take my voice, what shall I have left?† (Anderson 226). In this quote, the little mermaid believes that she cannot just be herself to win the prince’s heart. The prince also looks at women the same way because of how he talks to the little mermaid. He asks her, â€Å"You’ve no fear of the sea, have you, my dumb child?† (Anderson 229). He treats her as if she is still a small child just because she cannot speak. The tone helps shape the whole story into a feminist piece. Anderson relays the moral of†¦show more content†¦When the little mermaid went to the sea witch to be changed into a human, she told her, â€Å"How stupid of you! Still, you shall have your way, and it’ll bring you into misfortune, my lovely Princess† (Anderson 226). The sea witch had already warned the little mermaid even before she made the potion that it would not go as she planned. The little mermaid, being young and foolish about love, did what she believed was right. The tone here spoken by the sea witch gives caution towards the mermaid. Anderson uses the witch as a way to portray to the reader how it is easy to make mistakes in the matter of love. This example is given when the witch informs her that, â€Å"†¦ and if you don’t win the Prince’s love, so that he forgets father and mother for you and always has you in his thoughts and lets the priest join your hands together to be man and wife, they you won’t get an immortal soul† (Anderson 226). The author uses a reproving tone to demonstrate to the reader how the little mermaid is foolish, carried away in her childish dreams. Anderson characterizes the sea witch in such a way that her dialogues warn women to be careful when it comes to s acrificing themselves for anyone. The imagery used to describe how lovely the mermaid is portrays what the prince wanted as a wife. When the prince found her on the shore and took her in as one of his own people, he took care of and adored her, but he would not marry her because she could notShow MoreRelatedThe Little Mermaid Analysis1075 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the recurrent motifs in Doctor Faustus is the link between Thomas Mann’s artist and Andersen’s The Little Mermaid. In the mermaid’s quest, one could see Adrian’s own desire to wed aesthetics to ethics so that his art would serve humanity; according to the Devil, Adrian’s art would assure that â€Å"[mankind] will no longer need to be mad† (Mann 1). So too, in the mermaid’s reception of the hostile human world, the artist could also find his basic dilemma. Her yearning symbolizes his own, but herRead MoreAnalysis Of The Little Mermaid 1572 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction â€Å"I just don’t see how a world that makes such wonderful things could be so bad† (Clements Musker 1989) a quote from Ariel in the 1989 Disney film, The Little Mermaid. The classic Disney film was released on November 14, 1989 portrayed a sixteen-year-old mermaid named Ariel that was very curious about what life would be like above sea level. Ariel collects various â€Å"gadgets, gizmos, whosits, whatsits and thingamabobs† from the human world, such as forks, jewelry and mirrorsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Little Mermaid1406 Words   |  6 PagesLoved by many Disney fanatics, The Little Mermaid is a classic fairy tale about a young mermaid who gives up her tail and voice for legs and a chance to be with the prince she loves. Where the film differs from the original classic is its ending, where the little mermaid turns into ocean foam after the prince marries a different woman instead of the happy ending of Ariel and Prince Eric. The original tale has multiple me aning that can be interpreted through the 4 different lenses, allowing the youngRead MoreAnalysis Of The Little Mermaid 1688 Words   |  7 PagesThe Little Mermaid is a perfect depiction of the typical teenage heroine who is striving to find happiness in her own life, but is restricted by the wicked femme fatale who attempts to destroy all that is good, and sabotage the heroine’s happy ending. Our teenage heroine in this case would be Ariel, the 16-year-old daughter of Triton, the king of the ocean. While Ariel comes from royalty and is praised for her beauty, youth, and innocence, her bright and independent self undergoes a physical transformationRead MoreThe Little Mermaid Analysis1404 Words   |  6 Pagesand Through The Looking Glass? Even though there are many other examples, there is one story that we are all familiar with. The Little Mermaid. In Disney’s portrayal of The Little Mermaid, Ariel’s dream of becoming a human and marrying the man of her dr eams are fulfilled and she lives happily ever after. However, in Hans Christian Andersen’s story this little mermaid did not have such a happy ending as the man that she had loved and longed for did not return the same feelings for her, in fact, heRead MoreAnalysis Of The Little Mermaid 1478 Words   |  6 PagesThis story is not so fairytale-like if we realize that the â€Å"magical element† is actually an unplanned cause for the little mermaid s death. There is dramatic irony in this excerpt, which leads to the unlikely fairytale ending. The fairytale can also be called a parody of conventional fairytales hidden as one itself. In an essay by Vladimir Propp, he explains how when the ending turns out to be tragic, the expectations of the readers are reversed (Propp 79). The parody and irony led to a somewhatRead MoreCinderella And Little Mermaid Analysis1088 Words   |  5 Pages While researching a topic for this paper I recalled all of the fairy tales and concepts we discussed in class and decided to compare the Grimm Brother’s Cinderella and Andersen’s Little Mermaid. I decided to research these two fairy tales because they were the two main stories that I read and watched as a child, and since the original stories are completely different than what I have grown up with. The two stories start out in similar ways, a young girl longing to venture somewhere and experienceRead MoreThe Little Mermaid Essay And Analysis1536 Words   |  7 Pagestendency to want what they know and also find it difficult to know what they want. This is the reason to why people struggle to figure out why it is ethically important. In â€Å"The Little Mermaid† by Hans Christian Andersen, Ariel dreams of nothing more than to walk on the land above her undersea home. Andersen says, â€Å"But a mermaid has no tears, and therefore she suffers so much more† (Andersen 10). In today society the world is so corrupted that people tend to want wha t they know instead of knowing whatRead MoreLittle Mermaid Disney Movie Analysis993 Words   |  4 Pages The little mermaid original story is dark and intended for a more mature reader than the disney movie the little mermaid. The original l story is sad and gruesome while the disney movie is full of cute sea animal and singing. In the disney movie ariel is naturally beautiful and has everything she could ever want, while in the original story she has to work for it, her grandmother quotes ‘’you must put up with a great deal to keep up appearance’’. Both are alike in a way, both are playful and haveRead MoreAnalysis Of Snow White And The Little Mermaid 2768 Words   |  12 Pagesof Disney’s work. Whether it is magical powers or a happily ever after ending, Disney never fails to promote unrealistic and fantastical ideas. The manufacture of fantasy is seen in the very first seconds of Disney films. In Snow White and The Little Mermaid, there is a common theme of fantasy that is portrayed throughout the films. The fantasy of beauty as a source of power and envy plays a vital role in the plot of each movie. Snow White is the stepdaughter of the Evil Queen, because apparently

Pharmaceutical Drugs And Its Effects - 2008 Words

Drug delivery is the process by which a pharmaceutical drug is delivered to the patient to provide medical treatment to ameliorate the well-being of the patient and prolong their lifespan. While pharmaceutical drugs have shown to be of great aid in the treatment of patients injecting foreign compounds throughout the entire body can be hazardous and cause unforeseen consequences. The side effects of some drugs are can prove to be life-threatening if consumed irregularly and even under the best conditions drugs can still have nasty side-effects. To try and solve this issue biomedical engineers have designed several drug delivery systems to combat this issue. There were three main factors that were considered to minimize the damage done by pharmaceutical drugs. The first thing that was needed to be done was to increase the drug acting period and this was generally achieved by linking the drug with macromolecules or encapsulating the drug within a polymer. The next major contribution was to enhance the targeting ability of the drug so the drug found the site of action instead of spreading itself randomly throughout the body; this was done mainly through the use of linking the drug with an antibody and ligand so it would react to the a certain type of cell as well as avoid natural defenses placed by the host’s body. After the drug reached the site of action the release of the drug needed to be controlled at the action site (such as tissues/organs) and this was done throughShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Counterfeited Drugs On Pharmaceutical Companies1643 Words   |  7 Pages The Effect of Counterfeited Drugs on Pharmaceutical Companies The market for counterfeit pharmaceuticals has grown exponentially in the last five years. According to an estimate published by the Center for Medicine in the Public Interest in the USA, â€Å"Worldwide sales of counterfeit medicines could top US$ 75 billion this year, a 90% rise in five years† (WHO, 2010). This massive rise has greatly affected pharmaceutical companies and law enforcement agencies. The data exposing the effects the counterfeitRead MoreDrug Compounding And Its Effects On Pharmaceutical Compounding1517 Words   |  7 PagesFagron is a Netherlands-based company (although its registered office and listing is in Belgium) focused on pharmaceutical compounding. The company has undergone a significant restructuring over the past few years, divesting a number of medical/dental businesses (with the last one done in March), to reshape itself into a global drug compounding leader. Drug compounding is essentially taking a drug ingredient (e.g. a painkiller) and preparing it in a form different from the usual pill form (e.g. a topicalRead MorePharmaceutical Industry : The Biggest Profits1579 Words   |  7 Pages Of all the innovation businesses in industry, the pharmaceutical industry produces the biggest profits; in 2013 five of the pharmaceutical giants made net revenue of more than 20%. The United States represented almost 50% of the worldwide pharmaceutical market, and at the forefront was the United States pharmaceutical mammoth Pfizer.(Anderson, 2014) The pharmaceutical industry is ethically unique because of its capacity to impact innumerable lives by improving the quality of life or by providingRead MorePharmaceutical Companies And The Pharmaceutical Industry1664 Words   |  7 PagesThese pharmaceutical companies can increase their prices dramatically without the fear of losing profits because there is a lack of competition in their field. Since there is no other companies in the field to compete prices with, companies like Turing Pharmaceuticals can dramatically increase their price to increase their revenue. Even prior to Turing Pharmaceutical’s price increase, there was no competitors and large profits were being made. What is odd about this situation is that despite theRead MoreWhy Companies Should Have Patents On Their Medications And How A Pharmaceutical Company Can Recover The Costs1685 Words   |  7 Pagesprocesses a pha rmaceutical must take to bring a new medication to the market. It will answer the questions as to why companies should have patents on their medications and how a pharmaceutical company can recover the costs connected with failed drugs. It will look at one company that was both effective and unsuccessful in its endeavor to bring a new drug to market and explain what lead to their prosperity/disappointment. Of all the innovation businesses in industry, the pharmaceutical industry acquiresRead MoreThe Social Media Consumers Health Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment over the last decade has been changing prescription drugs advertising because most pharmaceutical companies are aware that many American consumers are regularly using social media platforms. For example, according to Kees et al. â€Å"Barely or Fairly Balancing Drug Risks? Content and Format Effects in Direct-To-Consumer Online Prescription Drug Promotions† 37% of Americans searched the internet for information on prescription drugs on 2006 (687). Later, according to Liang et al. Prevalence andRead MorePharmaceutical Corruption : Drugs At The Innocent Age Of Two1545 Words   |  7 PagesPharmaceutical Corruption Children being prescribed drugs at the innocent age of two, over three quarters of adults in America on a prescription drug, highly addictive drugs being abused by the elderly, the list goes on. An Injustice that nearly everybody will experience in their lives involves pharmaceutical corruption. Most everybody in the world is faced with some sort of medication. Pharmaceutical corruption has overpowered the world with it army of doctors. The pharmaceutical industry does notRead MoreChemical Substances On Living Organisms1667 Words   |  7 Pages INTRO Pharmaceutical science What this topic is about is pharmaceutical sciences. Pharmaceutical sciences combine a broad range of scientific rules that are critical to the discovery and development of new therapies and drugs, and so in that saying, knowing this kind of information can help people around the world greatly in the future. It is now accepted worldwide, that before a drug is brought into routine use its efficacy, safety, and the balance between two (sometimes the â€Å"risk-to-benefitRead MoreThe Pharmaceutical Industry Is Under Enormous Pressure By External And Internal Stakeholders985 Words   |  4 PagesThe pharmaceutical industry has been getting involved with corruption lately. The industry is getting involved with corruption because of how easy it is to make money. The industry around the country is very corrupted right now as we speak. â€Å"The pharmaceutical industry is under immense pressure by external and internal stakeholders† (Valverde,2013). Most companies around the country are getting sued and having to go to court. They are getting sued because of the unsatisfied customers. Many of themRead MoreThe Ethical Appropriateness Of Direct Consumer Advertising Of Drugs Essay1246 Words   |  5 Pagesappropriateness of direct consumer advertising of drugs? I believe in the case where pharmaceutical companies are advertising with television commercials or paid advertisements within magazines are well within moral and good ethical standards. Consumers can choose to remain on the same television channel or read an advertisement within a magazine to become more educated about a specific pharmaceutical. However, in the case referenced in the article, where a pharmaceutical company sent representatives into support

The Diffusion Theory Of Society - 1790 Words

In today’s society we have made remarkable advances and discoveries that truly leave us in awe; however, we tend to forget about the roots of this tree and what nourished it to become who we are now, in other words, our history. The scientist, historians, and archeologist have worked for centuries trying to discover our origin to gain the knowledge that will answer a vast amount of questions. One of the most mysterious topics are the native Americans, and how they came to America, which is known to be by the diffusion theory. Although, there is many other theories or hypothesis this is one of the most well-known, according to the evidence. The diffusion theory happened about 40,000 years ago, also known as the straight crossing. In this event it is thought that all humans are originally from Africa, then later spread throughout the world. The way the Native Americans crossed to America from Africa is that they went through the† Bering Bridge† a natural bridge between Alaska and Siberia, which now is gone due to the warming of the planet. As time progressed people migrated towards what is known in present day as the United States. However, due to the Ice Age the Native Americans moved to the southern states that include, Colorado, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and also Mexico. Another interesting fact is that there is other supporting evidence that says other peo ple traveled to Mexico or Central America by way of vessel. The reason behind this conclusion is because there wereShow MoreRelatedThe Evolutionary Social Theories ( Teggart ) Essay1051 Words   |  5 Pagesobserved many similarities in the traits and the material culture among different societies. As said by the founder of the ASW (Anthropological Society of Washington) in 1895: â€Å"Even among peoples geographically far apart, often being different forms of mankind, we find phrases, arts, industry, social styles and customs, folk-tales, beliefs and Gods, and even literatures very much alike† (O. T. Mason, 1895a: 14). Societies or cultures were consequently classed according to their ‘advancement’ these classesRead MoreBertalanffys Systems Theory vs. Everett Rogers Diffusion of Innovation Theory1256 Words   |  5 PagesSystems theory versus diffusion of innovation theory Discuss the relationship between Bertalanffys systems theory and healthcare delivery in the U.S. Ludwig von Bertalanffys systems theory was not created as a healthcare-specific theory, although Bertalanffys concepts have been extremely influential in the medical field. Simply put, his theory is that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Von Bertalanffy was not a biologist but he believed that the biological principles of cellularRead MoreThe Impact of Systems Theory and Diffusion of Innovation Theory on Healthcare1224 Words   |  5 PagesSystems theory versus diffusion of innovation theory: How both have impacted the field of healthcare The foundational concept of systems theory is as old as Aristotles statement that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. But when the biologist Ludwig Von Bertalanffy created the concept of general systems theory (GST), he was reacting against a powerful contemporary emphasis within his field which stressed reductionism rather than a holistic perspective. He fathered an organismicRead MoreSecondary School Vs. Vocational Education835 Words   |  4 Pages Arnold, 2007). This literature however, pays little attention to the diffusion of learning. In contrast, sociological institutionalism and diffusion theories suggest that IOs disseminate their beliefs making governments and societies internalize them as global norms. These norms adopt a â€Å"taken-for-granted† character and become unchallenged (Finnemore, 1993; H. D. Meyer Rowan, 2006; J. W. Meyer, 1977). Yet, these theories do not address what happens when the beliefs of IOs radically change andRead MoreCrime Dis placement And Diffusion Of The United States1078 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Crime displacement and diffusion is a major concern in the United States. Crime neither seem to be increasing nor decrease throughout the years. Displacement brings more consequences and can occur when a harm is produced by displacement crime before the intervention. There are three theories that help explain why crime are committed, who are targeted and how to prevent from being a potential target. Being aware of your surroundings is extremely important. Analyzing offenders, victims andRead MoreThe Tipping Point By Malcolm Gladwell1471 Words   |  6 PagesMany phenomena exist within the world; whether it be the butterfly effect, the small world theory, or even the laws of gravity, these entities shape reality. In the book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell analyzes an effect he coins the â€Å"tipping point†. The â€Å"tipping point† essentially is the point at which small, seemingly insignificant changes become significant enough to cause a large and often times im portant change . Throughout the text of this novel, Gladwell explores this notion more in-depth;Read MoreLiterature Review On Adolescent Identity Development1141 Words   |  5 PagesIn this report, I will analyze the works of the Erik Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development, James Marcia’s Identity Status Theory, as well as the products of other researchers, such as William James and James Cote, who took these theories even further (Adelson, 1980). I am particularly interested understanding what needs to be adjusted in developmental theories for unrepresented populations, in this case sexual minorities. The report is outlined by theoretical foundations, themes in literatureRead MoreThe Theories of Health Promotion1775 Words   |  7 Pagespublic and individual health (Definition of Health Promotion, NDI). Behavioral Theories of Health Promotion Social Learning Theory In Social Learning Theory people are agentic operators in their life course, not just on-looking hosts of brain mechanisms orchestrated by environmental events. Environmental issues appear in three forms, imposed environment, selected environment and constructed environment. The theory subscribes to a model of emergent interactive agency. Bandura (1999) describesRead MoreCompare and contrast the developmental life span theories742 Words   |  3 PagesBronfenbrenner wanted to focus on the process of development rather than concentrate on isolated variables. Most developmentalist focus on nature and nurture in the development of children. Bronfenbrenner’s theory is based on a child’s state of affairs and circumstances. The key idea in Erik Erikson’s theory is that the individual faces a conflict at each stage which may or may not within that stage. Erik Erikson was a psychologist who was most famous for coining the phases of identity crisis. AccordantRead MoreThe Colonizers Model of the World1435 Words   |  6 Pagesthe rationale for their acceptance has been forgotten or rejected†Ã¢  ¸. Quotes above urge the error with Eurocentrism, and that Eurocentrism, fundamentally, is not a theory, but a mere perception. In the article, Blaut analyzed reasons and factors that contributed to Eurocentrism and how Eurocentrism gained its power through diffusion in order to clarify his statement of â€Å"Eurocentrism is quite simply the colonizer’s model of the world.†Ã¢  ¹. And he definitely was successful proposing his idea. Europeans

Bp Csr free essay sample

Strategic Corporate Social Responsibilities and Law Contents BP Company Info3 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Event4 Summary of the Deepwater Horizon Event5 Stock price before and after Deepwater Horizon7 Impact on Stakeholders8 BP’s Oil Spills and Corporate Social Responsibility9 Inadequate disclosure on the oil spill event11 Recommendations for BP to get reputation back13 Conclusion14 BP Company Info BP is a global oil and gas company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is the third-largest energy company and fourth-largest company in the world measured in terms of their revenues and stock prices. It is active in every area of the oil and gas industry, including exploration and production, refining, distribution and marketing, petrochemicals, power generation and trading. It also has major renewable energy activities, including in biofuels, hydrogen, solar and wind power. BP has operations in over 80 countries and produces around 3. 8 million barrels of oil per day and has 22,400 service stations worldwide. Its largest division is BP America, which is the biggest producer of oil and gas in the United States and is headquartered in Houston, Texas. As at 31 December 2010 it had total proven commercial reserves of 18. 7 billion barrels of oil. [1] The name BP derives from the initials of one of the companys former legal names, British Petroleum. [2] BPs track record of corporate social responsibility has been mixed. The company has been involved in a number of major environmental and safety incidents and received criticism for its political influence. However, in 1997, it became the first major oil company to publicly acknowledge the need to take steps against climate change, and in that year established a company-wide target to reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases. BP currently invests over $1 billion per year in the evelopment of renewable energy sources, and has committed to spend $8 billion on renewable in the 2005 to 2015 period. Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Event The Deepwater Ho rizon oil spill (also referred to as the BP oil spill, the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, the BP oil disaster)[1] is an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico which flowed for three months in 2010. It is the largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry. [2] The spill come out from a sea-floor oil gusher that resulted from the April 20, 2010, explosion of Deepwater Horizon, which drilled on the BP-operated Macondo Prospect. The explosion killed 11 men working on the platform and injured 17 others. [3] On July 15, 2010, the leak was stopped by capping the gushing wellhead, after it had released about 4. 9 million barrels of crude oil. [3] An estimated 53,000 barrels per day escaped from the well just before it was capped. It is believed that the daily flow rate diminished over time, starting at about 62,000 barrels per day and decreasing as the reservoir of hydrocarbons feeding the gusher was gradually depleted. [1] On September 19, 2010, the relief well process was successfully completed, and the federal government declared the well sealed. 3] The spill caused extensive damage to marine and wildlife habitats and to the Gulfs fishing and tourism industries. [4] In late November 2010, 4,200 square miles of the Gulf were re-closed to shrimp-fishing after tar balls were found in shrimpers nets. The amount of Louisiana shoreline affected by oil grew from 287 km in July to 320 km in late November 2010. In Jan uary 2011, an oil spill commissioner reported that tar balls continue to wash up, oil sheen trails are seen in the wake of fishing boats, wetlands marsh grass remains fouled and dying, and that crude oil lies offshore in deep water and in fine silts and sands onshore. 18] A research team found oil on the bottom of the seafloor in late February 2011 that did not seem to be degrading. Skimmer ships, floating containment booms, anchored barriers, sand-filled barricades along shorelines, and dispersants were used in an attempt to protect hundreds of miles of beaches, wetlands, and estuaries from the spreading oil. Scientists have also reported immense underwater plumes of dissolved oil not visible at the surface as well as an 8 km? kill zone surrounding the blown well. [1] The U. S. Government has named BP as the responsible party, and officials have committed to holding the company accountable for all cleanup costs and other damage. [2] After its own internal probe, BP admitted that it made mistakes which led to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. Summary of the Deepwater Horizon Event February 15, 2010 – Deepwater Horizon drilling rig, owned by Transocean, begins drilling on the Macondo Prospect. [6] The planned well was to be drilled to 18,000 feet (5,500 m) below sea level, and was to be plugged and suspended for subsequent completion as a subsea producer. April 6, 2010– The Department of the Interior exempted BPs Gulf of Mexico drilling operation from a detailed environmental impact study after concluding that a massive oil spill was unlikely. March 17, 2010 – BP Chief Tony Hayward sells one third of his BP stock (223,288 shares). [6] Closing BP price on March 17 on the New York Stock Exchange is 58. 15. April 17, 2010 – Deepwater Horizon completes its drilling and the well is being prepared to be cemented so that another rig will retrieve the oil. The blowout preventer is tested and found to be functional. [8] Gagliano now reports that using only 6 centralizers would likely produce channeling and a failure of the cement job. April 20, 2010 7 am – BP cancels a recommended cement bond log test. Conducting the test would have taken 9–12 hours and $128,000. By canceling the cement test BP paid only $10,000. Crew leaves on 11:15 am flight. BP officials gather on the platform to celebrate seven years with out an injury on the rig. The planned moving of the Deepwater Horizon to another location was 43 days past due and the delay had cost BP $21 million. :45 p. m. CDT – Gas, oil and concrete from the Deepwater Horizon explode up the wellbore onto the deck and then catches fire. The explosion kills 11 platform workers and injures 17 others; another 98 people survive without serious physical injury. April 22 10:21 am – Rig sinks. April 27, 2010 – Slick grows to 160 km across and 32 km from Louisiana coast. June 6, 2010 – BP abandons plans to close three remaining vents on the containment cap noting that with one vent it is capturing as much oil as it can handle. July 24, 2010 BP says an internal investigation has cleared itself of gross negligence in the spill and will publish the findings in the next month. August 4, 2010 – BP reports that the well achieved â€Å"static condition† shortly after midnight after drilling mud is said to now fill the well. September 29, 2010 – Andy Inglis, who headed deepwater drilling operations in the Gulf of Mexico at the time of the spill, steps down as head of the upstream business. October 1, 2010 – Thad W. Allen, the retired Coast Guard admiral leading the federal response to the BP oil spill, stepped down. December 15, 2010 According to a feature Associated Press story on the homepage of Time Magazine, the U. S. federal government is suing BP Exploration and Production, Inc. , and eight other corporations, for unlimited liability, in an effort to have them pay for the massive expenses involved in the cleanup and environmental recovery from the spill, including damages to natural resources; it also seeks civil penalties under the Clean Water Act. Stock price before and after Deepwater Horizon First quarter 2011 (After) (Before) | First uarter 2011| Fourth quarter 2010| First quarter 2010| $ million| | | | Profit for the period(a)| 7,124 | 5,567| 6,079| Inventory holding (gains) losses, net of tax| (1,643)| (953)| (481)| Replacement cost profit| 5,481| 4,614| 5,598| | | | | -per ordinary share (cents)| 29. 13| 24. 55| 29. 82| -per ADS (dollars)| 1. 75| 1. 47| 1. 79| BPs first-quarter replacement cost profit was $5,481 million, compared with $5,598 million a year ago. The group income st atement for the first quarter reflects a pre-tax charge of $0. 4 billion related to the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. All charges relating to the incident have been treated as non-operating items. Share prices for the five companies connected most directly to the Deepwater Horizon disaster have taken their lumps since the April 20 event, with analysts watching the ticker closely April 30. A review of closing New York Stock Exchange prices for those companies from April 19 to April 30 shows Macondo field operator BP off 12%, Macondo field partner Anadarko Petroleum down 15. 2%, rig operator Transocean down 18%, blowout preventer supplier Cameron International off 11. 9% and well cementer Halliburton down 2. 9%. Although Halliburton had gained from the day before the incident through April 28, the companys shares took a steep 5% drop on April 29 with news about the roles of the companies gaining wider attention. Impact on Stakeholders Jack Gerard, President of The American Petroleum Institute (API), stated that disasters are infrequent and that the Deepwater Horizon is an isolated incident. [9] By touting the aggregate safety record of the industry API has refuted any claims of a loss of industry wide credibility. API has also stated that the offshore drilling industry is important to job creation and economic growth. 9] To help prevent a recurrence of the Deepwater Horizon spill, API is setting up its own offshore safety institute that will be separate from APIs lobbying organization. During congressional testimony, key API stakeholders such as Chevron’s CEO John Watson, made an open admission to the industry’s credibility gap stating â€Å"For our industry, this is a humblin g experience. The American people expect that the energy we need will be produced safely and reliably. That did not happen here†. [10] Furthermore, ExxonMobil’s CEO Rex Tillerson, testified that, â€Å"When these things happen, we are not well equipped to deal with them. Additionally, ExxonMobil, Chevron, ConocoPhillips and Shell have made plans to fund a billion dollar joint venture to build a new rapid response capability for deep water offshore drilling response in the Gulf of Mexico. National Incident Commander (NIC), retired Admiral Thad Allen said that the underlying problem with this response was the lack of adequate capability to quickly stop the massive amount of oil discharging from 5000 feet below the Gulfs surface. Neither the private nor public sector was prepared for an event that was not supposed to happen. BPs chief of operations for American EP, Doug Suttles, has warned that the containment concept has never been tested at these water depths either and said it might be three more weeks before it is ready to test. Weve mounted the largest response effort ever done in the world and utilized every technology available, Suttles said in his companys defense. We understand that we need to bring this event to closure as soon as possible. A broad range of stakeholders came together in the wake of the Deepwater Horizon incident to provide effective solutions and build new capabilities. It would have been extremely difficult for any one company alone to address challenges on the scale of the Deepwater Horizon incident. BP’s Oil Spills and Corporate Social Responsibility Basically Corporate social responsibility is the detailed issues on which an organisation exceeds its minimum required obligations to stakeholders. CSR means that a corporation should be held accountable for any of its actions that affect their people, their communities and their environment. It implies that negative business impacts on people and society should be acknowledged and corrected if at all possible. It may require a company to forgo some profits if its social impacts are seriously harmful to some of the corporations stakeholders or if its funds can be used to promote a positive social good. CSR is the degree of responsibility manifested in a company’s strategies and operating practices as they impact stakeholders and the natural environment day to day. Some level of responsibility is integral to any corporate action or decision that has impacts. CSR cannot be avoided because it is the root or foundation of Corporate Citizenship. CSR covers all aspects of corporate governance. It is about how companies conduct their business in an ethical way, taking account of their impact economically, socially, environmentally and in terms of human rights. This moves beyond traditional business stakeholders such as shareholders or local suppliers. CSR includes social partners such as local communities, and global responsibilities such as protecting the environment and ensuring good labour standards in overseas suppliers. CSR also includes relationships with employees and customers. It also involves working in partnership with other organisations or groups. It can be seen as a form of strategic management, encouraging the organisation to scan the horizon and think about how its relationships will contribute long-term to its bottom line in a constantly changing world. On 22nd June 2010, BP announced that it will donate the net revenue it receives from the sale of oil recovered from the MC252 spill to the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. NFWF, whose mission is to preserve and restore Americas native wildlife species and habitats, will direct this money to projects that bring the greatest benefit to the wildlife of the affected Gulf Coast States. BP will provide $5 million to NFWF immediately, to ensure that their work can begin even as initial oil collections from the Discoverer Enterprise enter the refining process. BPs chief executive officer Tony Hayward said that, With its successful 25-year track record of identifying and funding solutions to Americas toughest conservation challenges, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation is a strong and responsible steward for this money from the wildlife fund. BP said as well it has paid $104 million to residents along the Gulf Coast for claims filed as a result of the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. BP has issued more than 31,000 checks in the past seven weeks. BP claims team member Darryl Willis said, Our focus has been on getting money into the hands of fishermen, shrimpers, condo owners and others who have not been able to earn income due to the spill, of the . We have also been addressing the larger, more complex claims and have been successful in sending more checks to commercial entities. BP has received about 64,000 claims to date. A 1,000-member claim team is working around the clock to receive and process claims. There are 33 field offices set up in the States of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida, and BP is accepting calls through an 800 number as well as accepting applications online. BP has received about 84,000 calls on the claims alone. Inadequate disclosure on the oil spill event 1. * BP completely neglects to list the amount of oil, CO2, and methane released as a result of the Deepwater Horizon disaster under its BP in Figures environmental impact chart which is highlighted in green(above). 2. At the bottom of the BPs report page, BP explains in tiny letters that he Gulf spill was left out of these calculations because Although there are several third-party estimates of the flow rate or total volume of oil spilled from the Deepwater Horizon incident, we believe that no accurate determination can be made or reported until further information is collected and the analysis, such as the condition of the blowout preventer, is completed. And as for those CO2 emissions, BP explains We have not included any emissions from the Deepwater Horizon incident and the response effort due to our reluctance to report data that has such a high degree of uncertainty. * This shows that BP left out the largest oil spill data on purpose which they could have actually made any kind of estimation. 3. BP dedicates two sections of the 50 page reportHow BP is Changing, and the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spillto the spill. In the How BP is Changing section, BP claims that it is working on improving safety and operation risk, values and behaviours, technology, and contractor management, among other things. Unfortunately, the report only skims the surface of these issues. Under behaviours underlined above, a report published by the US Department of Interior has alleged that certain BP staff members tasked with overseeing offshore drilling routinely watched porn on government computers and smoked crystal methamphetamine. 4. When addressing how to prevent future oil spills, BP explains that i t is working on better safety metrics with the Center for Chemical Process Safety, the American Petroleum Institute, American National Standards Institute, and its industry peers. The company also said that it has Enhanced training and development programmes, particularly around the practical aspects of process safety techniques, and that it is creating a new integrity monitoring system for its refineries. The improved safety metrics and integrity monitoring will be helpful, to be sure, but BP neglects to explain what it is doing differently in the short term. 5. A quote from BP directors: From the beginning, BP worked to fight the spill and minimize its impact on the environment. These efforts helped to reduce the amount of oil that reached the shore and environmentally sensitive marsh areas. . * The Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill section is filled with bland assurances from BP that it did everything it possibly could following the spill. Yet, they neglect to give an estimation of how much oil was spilled, which is the important part of the whole report. 6. The Economist columnist Critic Clive Crook said, The proper guardians of the public interests are governments, which are accountable to all citizens. It is the job of elected politicians to set goals for regulators, to deal with externalities, to mediate among different interests, to attend to the demands of social justice, to provide the public goods and to organise resources accordingly. Recommendations for BP to get reputation back BP should conduct a review of the quality of the services provided by those cementing companies in charge of building BP offshore rigs, so that such event in Deepwater Horizon where the oil rig sank do not happen again. BP directors should propose to the API the development of a good practice for design and testing of new cement in high-pressure and high-temperature applications, so that if fire do occur in offshore rigs, it will not be as dramatic as the Deepwater Horizon. Strengthen BP’s rig audit process or find the Big 4 audit firms to oversee all auditing. This is to improve the closure and verification of audit findings and actions across all drilling rigs owned by BP. BP should devel op an advanced deepwater well control training program and ensure trainings are done. In the Deepwater Horizon event, when the well exploded and engineers could not close the valve in time, for each second wasted, tons of oil are flowing into the ocean. BP should spend an appropriate amount of funds under the Clean Water act to restore the ocean or damaged areas. BP should set better safety regulations for deepwater drillings with even tougher standards, and prove that they can deal with risky and dangerous wells such as Deepwater Horizon. BP should report transparencies as they are vital and provide timely and reliable information regarding both the containment and response operations during any future oil spill events. This is to ensure safe operations on such events and also inform stakeholders and the public of current situation. Conclusion There were at least three important stakeholders involved in this project: the BP administration, the employees of BP and the society at large. After the oil spill, it is clear to everyone that this disaster could have been avoided and that the result was not beneficial for anybody. The management of risk, in terms of oil spill prevention, means among other things that the right measures be taken to avoid disaster in the first place. Prevention and remediation go hand in hand. Planning therefore begins before the spill, to avoid it and to have a seamless response process in place. Due to cost cutting, BP incurred a $40 billion in liabilities, loss of life, serious damage to several major industries and vast environmental harm. All because of BPs failure to invest in an effective safety management system, which lead to the Deepwater Horizon event. If the manager of this project had decided to invest more efforts in risk management, BP would have invested more money in contingency plans. If the BP administration had focused on the long term earnings, they would have earned more money than they finally did. Lesson learnt : Cost cutting is essential to maximize profits, BUT not at the expense of safety even though if it is not a dangerous project. The knockback would be tremendous. 1. Key facts and figures. BP p. l. c Retrieved 30 August 2010. 2. Group results – Third quarter 2010. BP p. l. c Retrieved 6 November 2010. 3. Two Westlake Park, Houston, TX : Hines Interests. Hines Interests.. Retrieved 11 Jun. 2010. 4. BP in the United States. BP p. l. c Retrieved 27 August 2010. 5. BP. com: History of BP – Post war.. Retrieved 3 Jul. 2010. In 1954, the board changed the company’s name to The British Petroleum Company 6. Tharoor, Ishaan (2 Jun. 2010). A Brief History of BP. TIME magazine.. Retrieved 3 Jul. 2010. 7. BP tackles climate change threat with ? 200m boost for energy efficiency. London: The Telegraph. 25 October 2005.. Retrieved 9 February 2011. 8. BP to invest $1 bln plus in alt energy this year. Reuters. 13 April 2010.. Retrieved 9 February 2011. 9. Natural G as and Alaskas Future: The Facts page 22 (PDF). Retrieved 5 Jun. 2010. 10. Poole, Robert W.. Privatisation. Econlib. org. Retrieved 5 Jun. 2010.